Conservationists Call on Governments Across Conflict Zones to Increase Protection for Persian Leopard

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On June 4th, or World Environment Day, Jane Goodall led a team of 49 conservationists to petition for governments across the Near East and other antagonists to put aside their differences and allow for species-saving work for the Persian leopard to continue uninterrupted.

Included in the letter signed by conservationists from Holland to Afghanistan, a call is made for the release of 7 imprisoned Iranian wildlife biologists, who in 2018 were arrested and charged with espionage while studying the Critically-Endangered Asiatic cheetah, which World at Large has reported on before.

Originally a team of nine conservationists from the Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation, their founder Kavous Seyed-Emami, died during this imprisonment under unknown circumstances. Seyed-Emami was described to WaL as “the Iranian version of David Attenborough” by Dr. Thomas Kaplan, the founder of the wildcat conservation group Panthera.

By October of 2019, 20 months after their arrest, death penalty charges were dropped against some of his colleagues, including Niloufar Bayani, Taher Ghadirian, Houman Jowkar, and Morad Tahbaz. Two of them were later moved to the public ward, where they could see family and make phone calls.

Abdolreza Kouhpayeh has since been released.

Owing to its namesake, the Persian leopard is also present in Iran, a country which a pair of U.S. presidential administrations have devastated with their policy of “maximum pressure” through economic sanctions, which are “not only hurting and isolating the people of Iran, but also indirectly hurting conservation initiatives, and some of the very people leading them,” the letter writes.

Indeed, Iran is the stronghold for this cat, with perhaps as many as 800 of the animals alive in the northeastern mountains.

“In August 2021, the Taliban surged back to power in Afghanistan, sending into exile many at-risk conservationists, and the National Environmental Protection Agency into disarray,” the letter continues. “The continued freeze of Afghan funds has precipitated an already dire humanitarian crisis which the nature and wildlife of Afghanistan are also paying the price for”.

PICTURED: Top row from left to right, Sam Rajabi, Houman Jowkar, Niloufar Bayani, Morad Tahbaz, and bottom row, from left to right Sepideh Kashani, Amirhossein Khaleghi, Taher Ghadirian, and Abdolreza Kouhpayeh.

Spread thin

The Persian leopard is hanging on by a thread, albeit across nearly two-thirds of the entire continent of Asia. From Azerbaijan, where the tiny population has to navigate minefields resulting from the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict against Armenia, to Afghanistan.

In between they have been re-introduced into the Caucasus Mountains and independently moved into border areas like Chechnya and Dagestan. They’ve been re-discovered dispersing from the Caucasus into Turkey, which has now recorded 4 leopard sightings. The Kurdistan region in Iraq has seen 8 individuals since 2011, 5 male and 3 females. In Kazakhstan, one was seen for the first time in living memory, and one was killed.

World at Large reported last year that a series of 5 leopards had been released into the Caucasus as part of a gradual reintroduction program that WWF-Russia felt had the potential to culturally unite a disparate part of the world around the love and admiration for the charismatic feline.

However, the cats possess all the traits that make it difficult for predators to survive in the Anthropocene, including long-term pregnancies and childhood characterized by small litter numbers and long periods of time spent dependent entirely on the mother. They also require huge tracts of territory, plenty of shelter in forests or mountains, and plentiful species of big game.

With so many of the historic habitats of this leopard subspecies existing in major conflict zones, the faster Russia can reestablish a Caucasus population the better. Only now, the Russian society and economy has been placed under as much sanctioning as the West can get away with, jeopardizing organizations like the WWF which rely on the generosity of individuals for their funding.

“The Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) plan to organize a Range States Meeting to adopt a Regional Strategy for the Conservation of the Persian Leopard, in the framework of the Central Asian Mammals Initiative Programme of Work,” read the letter, stating the meeting is planned for Tbilisi, Georgia, in September 2022.

They therefore call for the lifting of measures and actions to facilitate international cooperation beyond the political circumstances in places such as Iran, through the lifting of economic sanctions.

They also call for the release of the remaining 7 Iranian wildlife biologists, continued engagement through technical and financial support such as in Afghanistan, to ensure enduring conservation outcomes, and finally the development of clear criteria regarding funding and technical cooperation to ensure that conservationists are never wrongfully persecuted. WaL

 

PICTURED ABOVE: A male Persian leopard Panthera pardus tulliana shot in Parc des Félins, Nesles, France. Photo credit: Benoit Boudeville. CC 4.0.

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